Posted by admin on Jun 24, 2010 in Articles | 0 comments
Computers have become the most essential aspect of our lives these days. The advancement in the technology is attributed to the increased use of these amazing machines and their deep penetration in the lives of human beings. When everything in our lives is influenced by the computers, we simply cannot imagine living without them. From communication to computing, from education to entertainment, nothing in the present world can sustain without them. You cannot work on the piece of hardware that is simply a dormant structure of sophisticated electronic equipments. You need an application or software to work upon the system.
Software is a collection of modules and programs that have been created to accomplish a particular task. The computer programs are created with the help of various programming languages that have distinctive syntax, concepts and complex structures. They can be classified into a variety of categories based on their use and purposes. These programs can be broadly classified into the two categories – system software and application software. While the system software like operating system etc are created for the system support and platforms, the application program is created to cater to various demands of the users. The vast computerization of various industries, work processes and increased use of Internet has created immense demand for a variety of applications. Software is being developed for the various domains like insurance, banking, health, airlines, railway, travel etc. No matter what profession we are talking about, one or the other application is being created for the professionals of every domain. No process can function without the support of efficient and relevant computer applications.
When we talk about the photography and image printing then we need to have reliable and highly sophisticated tools with which the amazing effects can be added to images etc. With the highly advanced and efficient computer software one can easily add incredible finishing touches to photographs. The image editing & print media is an incredibly vast arena.
Adobe is a leading company that has excelled in the domain of image editing and drawing tools. The Photoshop has been one of the most efficient and highly used applications across the world. This program is almost 20 years old. It is an image editing tool that adds graphical effects to the images. Recently the latest version of the application was launched by the Adobe systems. The Adobe Photoshop CS3 is the incredible application that has given the image editors and designers immense capability and now they can create wonderful images in a few moments. Giving more dimensions to the creativity of the artist, this application has a multitude of features that provide them amazing ease to create admirable photographs, animations and posters etc.
The Photoshop CS 3 version was launched in 2007 on April 16th. The extension CS in the name shows the amalgamation of the various creative suite tools and products in the application while the 3 stands for the third version. The CS3 has additional features like the application of non- destructive filters and the highly efficient tools collection called Quick Selection and the advanced facility called the Refine Edge that gives more streamlined selection. This application has another version called CS3 extended which has more capabilities like the 3 dimensional drawing, scientific imaging etc.
The Adobe Photoshop CS3 is being marketed and promoted with some major improvements over the earlier version. It gives the users ease to work more productively and give better results. It helps them to edit the images with great power and efficiency and it also gives them amazing breakthrough tools with which they can compose the images. The new features in the product were really beneficial in increasing the productivity of the users with better and streamlined interfaces, enhanced control over the printing options and better support for the PDF. The users get enhanced capabilities with the advanced management of their work with the help of the Adobe Bridge and Camera Raw functions. There are number of tools available in this version of Photoshop like Vanishing Point module, Clone Source Palette and smart filters. It is certainly an ideal software.
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Posted by admin on May 5, 2010 in Articles | 0 comments
Blue Eyes
Monitoring Human-Operator System
ABSTRACT:
Human error is still one of the most frequent causes of
catastrophe and ecological disasters. The main reason
is that the monitoring systems concern only the state of
the processes where as human contribution to the overall
performance of the system is left unsupervised. Since the
control instruments are automated to a large extent, a human
operator becomes a passive observer of the supervised
system, which results in weariness and vigilance drop.
Thus, he may not notice important changes of
indications causing financial or ecological consequences
and a threat to human life. It therefore is crucial to assure
that the operator’s conscious brain is involved in an active
system supervising over the whole work time period. It is
possible to measure indirectly the level of the operator’s
conscious brain involvement using eye motility analysis.
INTRODUCTION:
What is BlueEyes?
? BLUE EYES is a technology, which aims at creating computational machines that have perceptual and sensory abilities like those of human beings.
? The basic idea behind this technology is to give computer human power.
? For example, we can understand humans’ emotional state by his facial expressions. If we add these perceptual abilities to computers, we would enable them to work together with human beings as intimate partners.
? It provides technical means for monitoring and recording human-operator’s physiological condition.
What is BlueEyes not?
? Doesn’t predict nor interfere with operator’s thoughts.
? Cannot force directly the operator to work.
How was the term blue-eyes coined?
? Blue in this term stands for Bluetooth, which enables reliable wireless communication and the
Eyes because the eye movement enables us to obtain a lot of interesting and important information.
How are blue and eyes related?
? As the idea is to monitor and record operator’s basic physiological parameters, the most important physiological activity is the movement of eyes.
? For a computer to sense the eye movement, wiring between operator and the system is required.
But, this is a serious limitation of the operator’s mobility and disables his operations in large control rooms.
? So utilization of wireless technology becomes essential which can be implemented through blue tooth technology.
Need for blue eyes?
Is it necessary to make computer function what a human brain does?
? Yes, human error is still one of the most frequent causes of catastrophes (calamity) and ecological disasters, because human contribution to the overall performance of the system is left unsupervised.
? The control instruments within the machine have automated it to large extent, thus Human operator becomes a passive observer of the supervised system, resulting in weariness and vigilance drop, but the user needs to active.
But Why?
Is it really needed that a human brain be active?
? He may not notice important changes of indications causing financial or ecological consequences, which is a threat to human life.
? Thus, it’s crucial that operator’s brain is involved in an active system supervising over the whole work time period.
What can we do with blue eyes technology?
? It has the ability to gather information about you and interact with you through special techniques like facial recognition, speech recognition, etc.
? It can even understand your emotions at the touch of the mouse.
? It can verify your identity, feel your presence, and start interacting with you.
? The machine can understand what a user wants, where he is looking at, and even realize his physical or emotional states.
? It realizes the urgency of the situation through the mouse.
? For instance if you ask the computer to dial to your friend at his office, it understands the situation and establishes a connection.
? It can reconstruct the course of operator’s work.
Key features of the system:
? Visual attention monitoring (eye motility analysis).
? Physiological condition monitoring (pulse rate, blood oxygenation).
? Operator’s position detection (standing, lying).
? Wireless data acquisition using Bluetooth technology.
? Real-time user-defined alarm triggering.
? Physiological data, operator’s voice and overall view of the control room recording
recorded data playback.
How can we give computer the human power?
? It uses non-obtrusive sensing method, employing most modern video cameras and microphones to identify the users’ actions through the use of imparted sensory abilities.
? The blue eyes system checks the physiological parameters like eye movement, heart beat rate and blood oxygenation against abnormal and undesirable values and triggers user-defined alarms when necessary.
? Blue eyes technology requires designing a personal area network linking all the operators and the supervising system.
? As the operator using his sight and hearing, senses the state of the controlled system, the supervising system will look after his physiological condition.
? The use of a miniature CMOS camera integrated into the eye movement sensor will enable the system to calculate the point of gaze and observe what the operator is actually looking at.
? Introducing voice recognition algorithm will facilitate the communication between the operator and the central system and simplify authorization process.
STRUCTURE:
? Blue eyes system consists of a mobile measuring device called Data Acquisition Unit (DAU) and a central analytical system called Central System Unit (CSU).
OVERALL SYSTEM DIAGRAM
DATA ACQUISITION UNIT:
? It maintains Bluetooth connections.
? Gets information from the sensor.
? Sends information over the wireless connection.
? Delivers the alarm messages sent from the Central System Unit (CSU) to the operator.
? Handles personalized ID cards.
? Jazz Multisensor:
• It’s an eye movement sensor, to provide necessary physiological data in Data Acquisition Unit (DAU).
• It supplies raw digital data regarding eye position, the level of blood oxygenation acceleration along horizontal and vertical axes and ambient light intensity.
• Eye movement can be measured using direct infrared oculographic transducers.
JAZZ MULTISENSOR
CENTRAL SYSTEM UNIT:
? Maintains blue tooth connections in the other side.
? Buffers incoming sensor data.
? Performs on-line data analysis.
? Records the conclusion for further exploration.
? Provides visualization interface.
TYPES OF USERS:
? Users belong to three categories:
• Operators
• Supervisors
• System administrators
Operator:
? Operator is a person whose physiological parameters are supervised.
? The operator wears the DAU.
? The only functions offers to the operator are Authorization to the system and receiving alarm alerts.
? Authorization: Operator has to enter his personal PIN into DAU, if PIN is accepted, authorization is said to be complete.
? Receiving Alerts: This function supplies the operator with the most important alerts about his and his co-workers’ condition and mobile device state.
Supervisor:
? He is the person responsible for analyzing operators’ condition and performance.
? The supervisor receives tools for inspecting present values of the parameters (on-line browsing) as well as browsing the results of the long-term analysis (off-line browsing).
System Administrator:
? He is the user that maintains the system.
? The administrator is delivered tools for adding new operators to the database. Defining alarm conditions.
? Configuring logging tools.
? Creating new analyzer modules.
ADMINISTRATIVE
APPLICATIONS:
? Blue Eyes system can be applied in every working environment requiring permanent operator’s attention.
? At power plant control rooms.
? At captain bridges.
? At flight control centers.
? Professional drivers.
Conclusion:
? The wireless link between the sensors worn by the operator and the supervising system makes it possible to improve overall reliability, safety and assures proper quality of system performance.
? These new possibilities can cover areas such as industry, transportation, military command centers or operation theaters.
? Researchers are attempting to add more capabilities to computers that will allow them to interact like humans, recognize human presents, talk, listen, or even guess their feelings.
? It avoids potential threats resulting from human errors, such as weariness, oversight, tiredness.
REFERENCES:
1.Carpenter R. H. S., Movements of the eyes, 2nd edition, Pion Limited, 1988, London.
2.Quinlan J. R., C4.5 programs for machine learning, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1993,San Mateo, California.
LECTURER , Dept: Of Informatics
ALLURI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES
HUNTER ROAD , WARANGAL-506001
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